胆囊疾病/胆结石
介绍
胆囊 这种疾病是由减慢或阻塞胆汁从胆囊流出引起的. Bile is a fluid that breaks down fat during the digestive process. 炎症或胆结石会阻碍胆汁的流动. 胆结石 are solid particles that result from an imbalance of bile components. When 胆结石 or bile accumulate, the gallbladder can become painful and inflamed.
胆结石 may not produce symptoms, and some 胆结石 do not require treatment. Pain is the hallmark symptom when gallstone complications occur. 胆囊疾病最常见的治疗方法是手术切除胆囊或治疗消除胆结石.
解剖学
原因
当胆汁从胆囊流向胆总管受阻时,就会发生胆囊炎. This leads to the build up of bile in the gallbladder. The over-accumulation of bile causes irritation and pressure in the gallbladder. This can lead to bacterial 感染 and tearing of the gallbladder. In most cases, 胆结石 cause the blockage that causes cholecystitis. 其他不太常见的堵塞原因包括严重的疾病、肿瘤和酗酒.
症状
诊断。
治疗
预防
我有危险吗?
风险因素可能会增加你患胆囊疾病和胆结石的可能性. People with all of the risk factors may never develop the disease; however, 患这种病的几率随着你拥有的风险因素的增加而增加. You should tell your doctor about your risk factors and discuss your concerns.
胆结石的危险因素:
_____ Obesity is one of the biggest risk factors for 胆结石. 肥胖与胆固醇水平升高有关,从而导致胆结石的产生.
_____雌激素水平升高会增加胆固醇水平,导致胆汁排空减少. 怀孕的妇女, 服用避孕药或激素替代疗法会导致雌激素水平升高.
_____ Native Americans and Mexican Americans have higher incidence of 胆结石.
_____女性比男性更容易患胆结石.
_____胆结石在老年人中更常见.
_____糖尿病患者患胆结石的风险更高,因为他们的甘油三酯水平往往更高, 一种血脂.
_____ Losing weight rapidly can cause the 肝 to produce extra cholesterol, 哪一种与胆结石的形成有关.
_____长时间禁食或不进食会导致胆囊收缩减少,导致胆结石形成.
_____肝病患者, 血液疾病, or high levels of bilirubin are at risk for developing pigmented 胆结石.
慢性胆囊炎的危险因素包括:
_____ Repeated episodes of acute cholecystitis can lead to chronic cholecystitis.
_____ 胆结石 are the most common cause of cholecystitis.
_____ Cholecystitis occurs more frequently in women than men.
_____ Most cases of cholecystitis occur after the age of 40 years old.
并发症
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的iHealthSpot 患者教育图书馆 是由iHealthSpot编辑团队合作撰写的,其中包括高级医学作者Dr. 玛丽·卡-布兰查德,OTD/OTR/L和瓦莱丽·K. Clark, and the following editorial advisors: Steve Meadows, MD, Ernie F. 索托,DDS,罗纳德·J. Glatzer, MD, Jonathan Rosenberg, MD, Christopher M. 诺尔特医学博士,大卫·阿普尔鲍姆医学博士,乔纳森·M. Tarrash, MD,和Paula Soto, RN/BSN. 此内容遵循 可信赖的健康信息HONcode标准. 图书馆于2005年9月1日开始发展,最新的增建项目为 2022年2月16日. For information on iHealthSpot’s other services including 医疗网站设计,请访问 www.iHealthSpot.com.